Selamat datang ...

dalam blog ini berisi tentang dunia aeromodeling ... semoga ilmu dan pengalaman yang telah saya coba menjadi bahan sharing bagi para blogger ...
selamat membaca & berkarya ...

Sabtu, 02 Juli 2011

PEMBUATAN PESAWAT DARI BAHAN FOAM (STYROFOAN / POLYFOAM )
Bahan2 yg dbutuhkan :
1. polyfoam 1 lmbr uk 1x1 mtr
2. lem styrofoam
3. lem araldite
4. isolasi bening
5. bekas kartu simcad ( yg besarnya )
6. kayu ringan bambu ukuran 60 cm x 4 mm

alat :
1. cuter
2. strika
3. mistar besi yg panjang

cara pembuatan :
1. gmbr pswt di computer skala 1:1 bisa pake corel draw atau autocad ..

2. print gmbr pswt gunakan program tileprint utuk ukurn a4 / letter
3. sambung2 kertasnya shg membentuk gmbr ukuran skala 1:1
4. skema d gunting per detil .
5. detil tempelkan di foam pke isolasi ..
6. potong2 detil yg foam sesuai dgn kebutuhan ...
7. kumpulkan foam yg telah diptong dan rapikan ..

Jumat, 13 Maret 2009

SOSIAL INSURANCE

Social Insurance: Reforming Contributory Social Security

Insurance offers the service of financial protection to its clients by reimbursing an individual for some or all of his financial losses that are linked to the occurrence of a risky event. The expression "risk" refers to the chance or likelihood that an event will cause damage or loss. In its simplest feature, insurance has two fundamental characteristics: risks are transferred from an individual to a group (RiskTransfer) and losses are shared on a predefined basis by all members of the group (Risk Sharing)53.

Financial protection is accomplished through a pooling mechanism, which constitutes the basic underlying principle of insurance. The pooling mechanism comprises two elements:

1. People who face the same particular risk are joined together into a risk pool (Risk Pooling).

2. Each person pays a small amount of money (the premium or contribution) into the pool, which is then used to compensatethose individuals who do actually suffer a loss (Resource Pooling).

Insurance works by sharing the risk across a larger number of people. The larger the risk pool the more efficient risk pooling is.

Insurance reduces vulnerability by replacing the uncertain prospect of losses with the certainty of making small regular premium/contribution payments. Furthermore, it enables an individual to protect himself from financial losses that exceed his own income. Therefore, from a micro level perspective, insurance is more effective than savings or credit, because these instruments can only protect from losses, which do not go beyond the individual wealth.

People are exposed to a wide array of risks throughout their lives. With regard to social insurance, illness, old age, and unemployment are the most prominent risks. A risk can be classified according to the following three categories:

1. The type and degree of uncertainty caused by the risk

2. The relative size of the loss and

3. Whether the risk is idiosyncratic or covariate

The uncertainty may refer to the timing or the magnitude of the event. For example, health risks are particularly uncertain regarding timing: The severity of a certain illness might be known, but it might not be known if and when this illness might occur. The occurrence of a risk may lead to high or low costs. Health risks are very dissimilar in nature. They may vary from rather low costs (e.g. basic medicines) to very high costs (e.g. major surgeries). The distinction between idiosyncratic and covariate risks points at the number of people affected by the occurrence of a risk. It may affect an individual or many people at one time. In the first case, the risk is called "idiosyncratic", in the latter case it is called "covariate", which means that the risk is correlated between different people. For example, health risks can be idiosyncratic (e.g. illness) as well as covariate (e.g. epidemics).

Table 2 categorizes the three main risks of social insurance according to the above-mentioned categories.

In addition, the prospect of insurance or the state of being insured might alter individual behavior in different ways. These are the so-called "behavioral risks" associated with insurance, which impact negatively on the financial situation of an insurance provider. Adverse selection refers to the risk that only persons with a high-risk profile join an insurance program, whereas low-risk profile persons do not. Adverse selection induces high claim ratios, which can lead to a continued need for increasing premium/contribution levels. As a result, people with relatively low-risk profiles opt out of the insurance. If premiums/contributions levels are not increased, the financial condition of the insurance program deteriorates. In both cases, the insurance breaks down. Moral hazard on behalf of the clients occurs if the insurer is not able to monitor the behavior of the insured. Being insured introduces incentives for the insured to alter their behavior towards being less careful to avoid the risk (as they do expect financial compensation), which might not be easily detectible by the insurance provider. This is called ex ante moral hazard. In addition, if insurers cannot verify if a submitted claim did really occur, clients face an incentive to produce false claims. This problem is called ex posf moral hazard. Free rider behavior refers to the risk that people join an insurance program when in need and opt out after directly having received compensation. Another form of moral hazard might occur if a third party, i.e. besides the insurance and the insured, is involved and the insurance provider is not able to fully monitor or verify the actions of this party (third party moral hazard). This is the case with health insurance: it is not easy to verify if a certain treatment was necessary or appropriate. Thus, health providers face an incentive to exploit this fact and treat people more often or with higher cost care than is actually necessary.

Selasa, 19 Februari 2008

Pembuatan pesawat dari bahan coroplast ...

Seiring dengan kemajuan jaman, bahan kayu mulai tergeser dengan bahan-bahan plastik.
Pada tahun 1980 an s/d tahun 2000 ... pembuatan pesawat aeromodeling masih menggunakan bahan dari kayu khususnya kayu balsa. Kayu ini diimport dari luar dan harganya pun menggunakan uang paman sam alias dollar US.
Bersukurlah pada tahun 1995 di bandung dan Bogor sudah mulai menanam kayu balsa lokal, dengan harga yang jauh terjangkau. Misalnya untuk balsa tebal 2 mm harga import Rp. 45.000,- ( 4.5 $ us) sedangkan untuk ukuran yang sama tebal 2mm balsa lokal diharga cukup Rp. 5.000,- saja ( 0.5 $ us), cukup signifikan bukan ?
Saya termasuk orang yang suka membuat pesawat sendiri ... karena dengan buatan sendiri lebih PEDE dan PUAS hehe ...
Dengan kemajuan teknologi yang serba canggih, cukup duduk dikursi + minum kopi .. klik sana sini .. dapet deh ... "cara membuat pesawat aeromodeling dengan bahan coroplast".
Pada hari minggu kemarin saya coba untuk hunting bahan-bahan ke Gramedia. Coroplast dengan ukuran 75 x 100 cm x 3 mm ... harganya Rp. 37.000,- . Beli lem araldite 1 bh Rp. 7.500,- , Lem UHU Rp. 3.500 dan lem CA 1 bh Rp. 15.000,-.
Dengan berbekal gambar saya coba untuk membuat pesawat berbahan coro .... ternyata 1 lembar tersebut dapat 2 bh pesawat dengan ukuran wings 75 cm , fuselage 50 cm. Pesawat ini nantinya akan digerakkan motor berbahan batere + remote control.
Untuk motor penggerak dapat digunakan dari bahan motor bekas dari CDROM, dengan berbagai modifikasi.
Hasil karyaku dapat dilhat disini :








Rabu, 28 November 2007

Aeromodeling itu tidak mahal ...




Akhir-akhir ini, hobby aeromodeling mulai bangkit lagi terlihat mulai maraknya permainan ini baik di Jakarta, Bandung, Jokjakarta yang memang dari dulunya tempat spart part bahkan produk penjualan pesawat aeromodoleing.
Perkembangan aeromodeling untuk saat ini sudah sampai ke daerah-daerah yang dulunya sulit untuk mendapatkan spar part, misalnya Jambi, Maluku, Palembang, Riau dan Padang.
Di Palembang kegiatan ini sudah mulai bangkit, dengan adanya landasan baru di Jakabaring. Persiapan ini untuk menghadapi Visit Musi 2008. Beberapa TIM sudah mulai sibuk untuk latihan.
Dibalik semua ini ... orang selalu beranggapan bahwa dunia aeromodeling sangat mahal dan perkumpulan orang-orang kaya ... betulkah ?
Tidak benar semua itu ... karena untuk jenis pesawat kita bisa membuat sendiri dengan bahan lokal, dengan catatan pesawat ini khusus untuk hobby bukan untuk pertandingan. Didalam kelas pertandingan kualitas pesawat sangat menentukan khususnya berat pesawat. Oleh karena itu disarankan untuk pesawat buatan sendiri bisa menggunakan bahan balsa lokal yang harganya lebih murah dibandingkan dengan balsa import.
Untuk pemula bisa berlatih menggunakan pesawat buatan sendiri dikelas chuck glider ..
pesawat ini cukup dilempar dengan tangan atau menggunakan ketapel, harga untuk pesawat ini cukup Rp. 20.000,- saja anda sudah bisa beraeromodeling ...
Apakah anda tertarik untuk mencoba ...?